Hello,欢迎各位小伙伴来到英语课堂,我们已经学习了现在分词和过去分词,但是这两个分词具体有多少区别呢?
今天小编我就带着大家一起对比学习一下!
1.现在分词和过去分词的两大区别
1. 语态上:现在分词表主动,过去分词表被动;
2. 时态上:现在分词表进行,过去分词表完成。
2.现在分词与过去分词作表语和作定语
1.过去分词和–ing分词作表语的区别:
过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受,而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征。
例1:
Hearing the news, we felt very surprised.
听到那个消息,我们感到很惊讶
The news is very surprising.
这个消息很令人惊讶。
例2:
They were frightened to hear the frightening sound.
他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。
例3:
At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved to tears.
看到这么动人的情景,所有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。
2.过去分词和–ing分词作定语的区别:
过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作;而-ing分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作。
例1:boiled water 开水
boiling water 正沸腾的水
例2:
developed countries 发展的国家
developing countries 发展中国家
例3:
fallen leaves落叶
falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子
例4:
changed condition改变了的情况
changing condition变化着的情况
3现在分词和过去分词的逻辑主语
1.分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子主语。
Seeing the doctor come in all the students stood up.
the students是seeing的逻辑主语。主谓关系(主动)
Heated,the metal expands.
the metal是heated的逻辑主语,动宾关系(被动)
2.分词作宾补,其逻辑主语是句子宾语。
I saw him reading last night.
him是reading的逻辑主语,主谓关系(主动)
His wife found his hair dyed black hair.
hair是dyed的逻辑主语,动宾关系(被动)
3.分词作表语,其逻辑主语是句子主语。
The film is moving.
the film是moving的逻辑主语,主谓关系(主动)
The visitors looked surprised.
the visitors是surprised的逻辑主语,动宾关系(被动)
4.分词作定语,其逻辑主语是被修饰词。
This is an interesting book.
book是interesting的逻辑主语,主谓关系(主动)
The moved children looked serious.
children是moved的逻辑主语,动宾关系(被动)
5.分词用于复合结构,逻辑主语是复合结构中的逻辑主语。
With the task completed, we went out to take some fresh air.
task是completed的逻辑主语,动宾关系(被动)
Weather permitted, we"ll go skiing this Sunday.
weather是permitted的逻辑主语,动宾关系(被动)
4.确定分词使用的具体步骤
1.确定分词的语法成分
2.找准逻辑主语
3.判断主、被动关系
4.选定现在或过去分词
THE END