每日一句
来源：考研英语红宝书。
文章难句：
Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.
词汇：
sympathy
n. 同情；慰问；赞同结构分析：
这句话的主干是 Your humor must ... and should ... （有两个谓语）；show 后面接双宾语，即 show sb. sth.。句子中 show 的直接宾语是由两个 that 引导的宾语从句，间接宾语 them 指前面的 the audience；第二个谓语 should help to show 后面连接两个并列的宾语从句：that you are one of them 和 that you undertand ... and are in sympathy with ...。第二个宾语从句中 and 并列了两个句子。难点：
them 指代的含义；
译文：
你的幽默一定要和观众有关，要有助于表明你是他们中的一员或者你理解他们的处境，并且你赞同他们的观点。
短文阅读-1
来源：扇贝阅读。
定位：四级，238词，生活类文章。
标题：
How Nighttime Tablet and Phone Use Disturbs Sleep
词汇：
Nighttime
n.夜间,黑夜,夜晚n.夜间adj. 夜间的；夜里发生的tablet
n. 碑；药片；写字板；小块；平板电脑vt. 用碑牌纪念；将(备忘录等)写在板上；将…制成小片或小块难点：
熟词僻义；
译文：
夜间使用平板和智能手机是怎样影响睡眠的?
原文-1.5：
Bedtime reading with a tablet or smartphone can interfere with a good night’s sleep, some studies and many anecdotal reports suggest. Now researchers have conducted a small experiment to test the idea.
词汇：
anecdotal
adj.逸事的,趣闻的,传闻的interfere with
干扰，干涉；妨碍；触动或弄坏；乱动；与……抵触anecdotal report
传闻报道译文：
据研究和传闻称，睡前用平板或手机阅读会影响睡眠质量。如今，研究人员做一个小实验来验证这一观点。
原文-2.5：
Scientists had nine people spend 10 nights in a sleep laboratory. For five consecutive nights, they read before sleep with an iPad; then they read print for five nights. In both scenarios, they read in a dimly lit room until they felt ready to go to sleep.
词汇：
laboratory
n.实验室,实验大楼consecutive
adj.连续不断的print
v.打印,印刷,发表,刊登 n.版画,指纹,手印,印刷字体scenarios
n.方案；设想;可能发生的事，可能出现的情况，设想的场景；（电影、戏剧等的）剧情梗概dimly
adv.暗淡地,昏暗地,模糊地lit
v.“ light”的过去式和过去分词adj.照亮的,被毒品麻醉了的in both scenarios 在这两种情况下
a dimly lit room 灯光昏暗的房间
译文：
科学家选取九人在睡眠实验室里度过十晚。前五晚，他们在睡前在iPad上阅读，后五晚，阅读印刷读物。以上两种阅读都是在灯光昏暗的房间，看到他们觉得自己准备睡觉为止。
原文-3.5：
The experiment, described in Physiological Reports, found that when people used iPads instead of reading print, they selected a later bedtime and had a later sleep onset. They also had suppressed levels of melatonin, the hormone that regulates sleep, and delayed time to melatonin secretion. Periods of REM sleep — the rapid eye movements of the dreaming stage of sleep — were reduced when they used the iPad rather than printed material.
词汇：
onset n.开始 发生 攻击
Physiological report 生理报告
Hormone secretion 荷尔蒙分泌
melatonin n.褪黑激素；N-乙酰-5-甲氧基色胺
have suppressed levels of ……的水平受到了抑制
译文：
生理学报告描述了这一实验，实验发现，当人们阅读iPad而非印刷品时，他们就寝和睡眠时间偏晚。他们褪黑激素（一种调节睡眠的激素）的水平受到了抑制，褪黑激素的分泌被延缓。当看iPad而非阅读印刷品时，他们的快速眼动睡眠的时间，即有梦睡眠阶段的快速眼动会减少。
原文-4.5：
The volunteers also reported feeling lesssleepy in the evening, and less alert in the morning after using the electronic device.
词汇：
alert
adj. v. n.警觉electronic
adj. 电子的译文：
志愿者们也报告说使用电子设备后，他们感到晚上睡意稍减，而且早上起床后意识模糊，不太灵敏。
原文-5.5：
“These devices are not benign,” said a co-author of the study, Jeanne F. Duffy, a neuroscientist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston. “They have biological effects on us. They can be bad for adults, but really bad for kids and adolescents who already don’t get enough sleep.”
词汇：
benign
adj. 良性的；和蔼的，亲切的；吉利的；区别：
begin
v. 开始; 启动; 起始; 开始存在(或进行); 起初是; 本来是;译文：
“这些设备有害人体健康，”这项研究的合著者，波士顿布里格姆妇女医院的神经学家珍妮·F·达菲，提醒到：“电子设备会给我们身体带来影响。可能对成年人的影响不明显，但对那些已经睡眠不足的儿童和青少年来说，实为更糟糕。”
短文阅读-2
来源：扇贝阅读。
定位：六级/考研，479词，科普类
标题：
World Loses $70 Trillionon the Melting of theArctic
词汇：
trillion
num.兆,万亿,无数,大量n.兆,百亿亿,大量Arctic
adj.北极的，北极地区的；严寒的n.北极；北极地区译文：
北极冰川融化给全球带来70万亿美元损失。
原文-1.8：
In a recent study conducted by DmitryYumashev and his team from the Lancaster University shows that the melting of the ice sheets in the Arctic Circle is causing the world economy tolose about $70 trillion. The studies is published in nature communications.
词汇：
Arctic Circle 北极圈
Arctic 北极
Antarctic 南极
ice sheets
n.冰原,冰盖译文：
兰卡斯特大学的德米特里·尤马舍夫和他的团队最近进行的一项研究显示，北极圈内冰盖的融化给全球带来约70万亿美元经济损失。 这项研究发表在自然通讯。
* 兰卡斯特大学（Lancaster University）建于1964年，是一所位于英国英格兰西北部兰开夏郡的公立大学。
* nature communications是Nature的子刊。
原文-2.8：
The team looked into the increase in the amount of methane and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from the melting of the permafrost. They also studied how such conditions could worsen when the sun"s heat seem to penetrate more in the Earth"s atmosphere due to the lack of sea ice that will reflect the heat away from the earth. They found that all these are interconnected and that all of them causes the world economy to suffer from a great loss. This figure is ten times more of the amount of the potential benefits that the world can get if they knock on the mineral resources in the Arctic.
词汇：
loss
n.损失,丢失,亏损,丧失interconnected
v.相互联系，相互连接；相互关联penetrate
v.穿透，渗透heat
n.热,温度,压力,激动v.加热,变热,（使）变暖permafrost
n.多年冻土methane
n.甲烷,沼气carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
译文：
该小组研究发现永久冻土融化时，大气中甲烷和二氧化碳含量增加。 经过深入研究，小组发现，冻土融化后，事情变得更糟——由于能反射热量的海上冰面正在变小，太阳光线带来的热量渗透进地球大气层之内，且越积越多。 而这些的情况相互关联，都令世界经济遭受巨大损失。 如果人们继续开采北极的矿产资源，全球的经济损失是潜在的可得利益的十倍多。
原文-3.8：
"Climate Policy Implications of nonlinear decline of Arctic Land Permafrost and other cryosphere elements" is the study that brought to the world the shocking figure of what it could be losing to its battle against climate change.
词汇：
Implications
n.暗示，含意；可能引发的后果cryosphere 冰冻圈，低温层
bring to the world 向世界展示
译文：
《北极地区永久冻土和其他低温层成分非线性退化的气候政策影响》是在研究中向世界展示了令人震惊的数字:在对抗气候变化的斗争中，北极可能会失去什么。
原文-4.8：
"The Arctic Region is warming twice as fast as we predicted. This fact ismanifested by the decrease in sea ice,glaciers and snow relative to all the
benchmark measurements from the period of 1979 and 2005. These changeshave accelerated global warming further
into the feedback," Yumashev et al said.The results of their study was publishedin the journal Nature Communications.
词汇：
et al
原为法语的“和”和“其他”；abbr.以及其他benchmark
n.基准,水准点,标准检查程序,水准标v.用基准问题测试译文：
尤马舍夫等人说，“北极地区变暖的速度比我们预测快上两倍。与1979年至2005年期间的所有基准测量值相比，海冰、冰川和雪的减量表明了这一事实。而这些变化进一步加速了全球变暖。”他们将研究结果发表在《自然通讯》杂志上。
原文-5.8：
"When carbon from the melting of the permafrost goes up into the air, it creates a permafrost carbon feedback (PCF). The decrease in the levels of the sea ice and land snow increases solar absorption in higher latitudes," he further added.
译文：
“当永久冻土融化产生的碳进入到大气里，就会导致永久冻土碳反馈(PCF)。海冰和陆雪含量的下降，则致高纬度地区吸收太阳能(高纬变暖)，”他进一步补充道。
原文-6.8：
The study the group conducted is the first of its kind. They are the first to calculate the economic impact of the melting of the permafrost and the reducing of the albedo. The results of the study shows the destabilization of the natural systems and such disruption to what is normal gives birth to more problems. The man-made emission of carbon dioxide and the uncontrollable burning of fossil fuels only make the problems even worse.
词汇：
albedo
n.【物】反射率,【天】反照率destabilization
v.使（制度、国家、政府等）动摇,使不安定,使不稳定emission
n.排放，散发，射出；排放物，散发物give birth to 使诞生/使产生
译文：
该团队进行的这项研究在同类研究中属于首次。他们首次计算了永久冻土融化后，(阳光)反照率减少会造成的经济影响。这项研究的结果表明，自然环境趋于不稳定，且对造成的破坏会产生更多的问题。此外，人为排放的二氧化碳，化石燃料无法控制只会使问题更加严重。
原文-7.8：
"The world is still dealing with a time bomb, but it may not be as large as we imagined before," Yumashev said. There is still something that can be done to address such needs. If only the people around the world also help in reducing the amount of carbon dioxide that goes in the atmosphere, the planet will be saved from total destruction.
词汇：
time bomb
n.定时炸弹,潜在危险,隐患address
n.地址,住址,演说,称呼v.演说,处理,演讲,对付needs
adv.必须,必定 n.“ need”的复数v.“ need”的第三人称单数total destruction 完全毁灭/歼灭
译文：
尤马舍夫说：“世界仍处在一枚定时炸弹的阴影中，只是没有我们想象的那么严重。”在对付这种必定结局上，我们仍有一丝转机。如果世界各地的人民联合起来，一起减少二氧化碳排放，降低大气碳含量，地球便会从最终毁灭里解放出来。
原文-8.8：
The search for better ways to save mother Earth is now pushed by variousgovernments and environmental groupsaround the world. A little bit more cooperation from the communities will make the efforts worth it.
词汇：
search
n.搜索,检索,搜寻,查找v.搜索,搜寻,查找,搜查pushed
adj.（时间或金钱）紧缺的，短缺的，拮据的push
v.推动,推进,按,推销n.推,激励,鼓励,搡A little bit more 再多一点点
make the efforts worth it 所有努力都是值得的
译文：
世界各地的政府和环保组织都在推动、寻找更好的方法来拯救地球母亲。多一些社会合作，便物有所值。
扩展
at sixes and sevens，其实是“乱七八糟”的意思。比如“房间杂乱无章”，就可以说“ The room is at sixes and sevens”。
关于这一表达的起源说法不一。
有一种说法是其起源于14世纪的掷骰子游戏。当时有一个法语短语“ to set on cinque(法语 five) and sice(法语 six)”，意思是“押5点和6点”。后来逐渐演变成了数字六和七，“ at sixes and sevens”也变成了“乱七八糟”的意思。当用在人身上时，“ at sixes and sevens”还可以表示心理上“七上八下”，比如：
I"m really at sixes and sevens over taking the new job.
想到要接受这份新工作，我心里真是七上八下的。
