虚拟语气详解 谢谢关注

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大家好！今天我们来一起学习下虚拟语气这个知识点，很多人会疑惑，到底语气是什么，谓语动词用不同的形式表示说话人的不同意图，这种形式，我们称之为语气。

语气又分为三类：陈述语气：用于陈述事实。

祈使语气：用于提出请求、命令。

虚拟语气：第一种情况：表示说话人说的不是事实而是一种假设、猜想等。

第二种情况：表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等。

虚拟语气用于条件句的第一种情况：if条件句中虚拟语气的用法，上表中对于表示的情况、条件从句的谓语、主语谓语在不同情况下的变化做了总结，现在我们一起来看看例句：

If I were you, I would accept his advice.

If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.

If you had studied hard before, you would have passed the exam.

虚拟语气用于条件句的第二种情况:省略if的条件句：

当If条件句中有were, had, should这三个助动词时，可将If省略，从而将这三个助动词放到句首。

例句：

If it were not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.

↓

Were it not for your advice, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.

If I had known it，I wouldn"t have made such mistake.

Had I know it, I wouldn"t have made such mistake.

虚拟语气用于条件句的第三种情况:错综时间条件句

主从句动作发生的时间不同时，按时间来确定虚拟形式。

If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.

If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.

If it hadn"t rained so much, we would have a good harvest in autumn.

虚拟语气用于条件句的第四种情况含蓄条件句：

有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有介词with，without，but for（倘没有，要不是）；连词or，but；副词otherwise等。

1.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.

=If I hadn"t been ill that day, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.

2.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.

3.I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.

虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法：用于主语从句

结构：It‘s important/required+主从句

在It is +表示要求建议、必要、命令、等意思的形容词或分词+主语从句的结构中，要用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。

常用形容词和副词有：

advised better desired demanded important necessary possible required suggested pity 等

常用记住：

一个坚持：insist

两个命令：order, command

三个建议：advise, suggest, propose

四个要求：demand, require, request, desire

eg:It is necessary that we should start to do the work right away.

虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法：用于宾语从句

1、wish+宾语

eg:I wish I were as strong as you.

I wish I had not failed the English examination.

I wish I would become a pilot when I grow up.

2、would rather+宾语

I would rather you paid me now. (现在)

I would rather you had gone, too. (过去)

Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来)

3、表语从句和同位语从句中虚拟语气的表达：

The suggestion that students (should) learn something practical is worth considering.

My idea is that they (should) pay 200 dollars.

虚拟语气用于其他句型：1、虚拟语气在as if/ though/even if/ even though+方式状语从句/表语从句

He speaks as if he were the manager.

He talks as if he had been on the moutain.

The situation seems as if it would be out of control.

虚拟语气用于其他句型：2、用于If only 引导的感叹句 （用法同wish）

if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。

eg:

If only I were rich.

If only I had listened to my parents!

If only she would go with me!

虚拟语气用于其他句型：1、

虚拟语气用于其他句型：3、It is high/about +定语从句

It is (high / about) time (that) sb did/ sb should（不可省略） + do

该是某人做某事的时候了。

It is high time that you got up/should get up.

It is time（that）we went to bed.

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