短语集萃及扩展
used to do过去常常做某事
take up开始从事
all the time一直，总是
hang out外出闲逛
give up sth/ doing sth放弃
even though尽管（不能与but连用）
take care of照顾
tons of/ lots of很多
deal with处理，处置（常与how连用）
（do with常与what连用）
from time to time有时，偶尔，间或
关于time的短语:
at times=sometimes 有时
most of the time大多数时候
have a good time 玩得高兴
in one’s free time在空闲时间
all the time 一直
at the same time 同时
by the time 到……时候
for the first time 第一次
take one’s time从容不迫
dare to do sth敢于做某事
not…any more=no more不再……（表示动作不再重复，多与表示瞬间意义的动词连用）
not…any longer=no longer不再（表示动作不再延续，多与延续性动词连用）
be careful about/of /with sth小心，提防某物
be carful to do sth小心地做某事
careless粗心的；不仔细的
give a speech发表演讲
have/ take a speech听演讲
in public公开地
take pride in sth, be proud of sb为……感到自豪
do well in在……方面做得好
be absent from缺席
make a decision to do sth=decide to do sth=make up one’s mind to do sth做一个决定
make a decision on (doing) sth在某事上做出决定
look for寻找
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事
in person亲身，亲自
pay attention to 注意
a very small number of极少数，少量
a (large/great/good) number of+可数名词复数 (其后谓语动词用复数)
the number of+可数名词复数 ……的数量（在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式）
a large amount of+不可数名词
make it取得成功；准时到达；能够出席；渡过难关；幸免于难
at least至少
at most最多
talk to/with和……交谈
fight on奋力坚持下去
scary movie恐怖电影
have a good/bad influence on 对……有好的/坏的影响
考点总结：
考点1：used to 用法
“used to+动词原形”表示“过去常常，以前经常做某事”，意味着这种情况现在不复存在。 e.g.: I used to go to the cinema every week.
否定式：didn’t use to 或 used not to
I didn’t use to go to the cinema every week.
I used not to go to the cinema every week.
疑问句及回答：
Did you use to go to the cinema every week?
回答：Yes, I did. 或 No, I didn’t.
Used you to go to the cinema every week?
回答：Yes, I used to. 或 No, I usedn’t to.
What did you use to do every week?
What used you to do every week?
反意疑问句：
You used to go to the cinema every week, didn’t/usedn’t you?
You used not to go to the cinema every week, did/used you?
used to do, be used to do, be/get used to (doing) sth的区别
used to do， 意为“过去常常做某事”，只用于一般过去时
be used to do，意为“被用于做某事”，是被动语态，可用于各种时态
be/get used to (doing) sth 意为“（变得）习惯于做某事”，可用于各种时态，to是介词
练习：
'There be a milk tea shop near Kate’s home. Kate like milk tea a lot. After she knew that non-dairy creamer（奶精）instead of milk make milk tea, she gave up milk tea and now she drinking green tea.
考点2：adj./adv. enough to do sth 足够……去做某事
Now I am brave enough to give a speech in public.
enough在句子中的位置：修饰名词放在名词前；修饰形容词和副词放在后面
Now I have enough courage to give a speech in public.
考点3：silent的有关用法
意为“沉默的，不爱说话的”，常用搭配有be silent, keep silent
Jenny used to be silent little girl.
名词：silence，常用搭配in silence=silently
Silence is golden.沉默是金。
考点4：take up的有关用法
take up sth/doing sth意为“开始从事某事（尤指为消遣娱乐）或某项工作”
Tony took up golf to make more friends.
Tony took up playing golf to make more friends.
take up还有“占用（时间）、占据（空间）”的意思
The big bed takes up too much room（空间）.
The homework takes up too much time.
考点5：be prepared to do sth的有关用法
意为“准备好做某事”，同义词组有：be ready to do sth, be prepared/ready for sth
James has been well prepared to join in the singing competition.
James has been well prepared for the singing competition.
考点6：require的有关用法
常见搭配有：
require sth=need sth需要/依赖某物
require doing sth=need doing sth需要/依赖做某事
require sb to do sth需要/依赖/要求某人做某事
练习：用wash的适当形式填空。
The curtains require .
The curtains require .
Mary’s mother requires her the curtains.
require与request, demand的区别：
1. request可以做名词和动词，而require只能做动词；
2. request 表示“有礼貌的请求；正式的请求”，是下对上的要求；require表示 “命令，要求”之意，指上对下的要求；
3. 如果后面跟宾语从句时，从句后谓语动词则都要用虚拟语气，也就是should+原形动词或者动词原形。
at sb’s request/at the request of sb 应某人之请求；鉴于某人之请求
考点7：seldom的有关用法
意为“很少，不常”，=not often, 常放在实义动词前，助动词之后
She seldom watches scary movies, does she?
She is seldom strict with her son, is she?
在反意疑问句中，当前面的陈述句中含有not, no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nothing, nobody, neither等表示否定意义的词时，后面的问句用肯定形式。
考点8：influence的有关用法
意为“影响”，可以做动词和名词，作名词时常用的搭配有：have a （positive/negative/ good/ bad…）influence on/upon…给……造成……影响
The film has a positive influence on most people.
The film positively influences most people.
考点9：fail的有关用法
常见的搭配有：
fail sth(a test/exam)不及格 反义词：pass a test/exam
fail sb评定某人不及格/合格;使某人失望
fail in sth未能做到某事；未做某事
fail to do sth未能做到某事；未做某事
Jane failed the monthly English test last month.
Jane’s teacher failed her in the monthly English test last month.
Jane failed in the monthly English test last month.
Jane failed to pass the monthly English test last month.
名词：failure（Failure is the mother of success.）
反义词：succeed succeed in (doing) sth success successful
考点10：动词-ing形式作主语
动词-ing形式作主语有两种情况：
1.动词-ing形式放在句首作主语；
Eating too much junk food is bad for your health.
2.动词-ing形式做真正的主语放在句末，it作为形式主语放在句首。
It is no use arguing with him; he won’t change his mind.
不管哪种形式，动词-ing形式做主语时,谓语动词都用单数形式.
考点11：[辨析]so和such
so和such都可表示程度，意为“如此，这样”。
(1)such 是形容词，修饰名词；而so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。
There is no such thing as a free lunch.天下没有免费的午餐。
Why are you in such a hurry?你为什么这么急匆匆的？
He used to be so shy and quiet. He can run so fast.
(2)当名词被many, much, little, few修饰时，其前只能用so，不能用such。
There are so many/few people in the hall.
There is so much money/little money in the account（账户）.
(3)在so…that的句式中，当that前是单数可数名词且该名词前面有形容词修饰时，so与such可以互换，但是不定冠词和形容词的位置不同，即：
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＝such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.。如：
She is so good a teacher that we all love her.
＝She is ________ _____ __________ teacher that we all love her.
她是一位好老师，我们都爱她。
考点12：It’s been + 一段时间 + since + 从句（一般过去时）
= It’s + 一段时间 + since + 从句（一般过去时） ， 意为“ 自从…..以来已经有多长时间了。
自从我开始学英语已经有5年的时间了。
It has been five years since I began to learn English.
= It is five years since I began to learn English.
考点13：
see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事 （看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生） see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 （强调动作正在发生）
I often see my neighbours water flowers in their garden.
I didn’t see my neighbours watering flowers in their garden this morning when I went out.
考点14： I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang.
复合形容词的特点： 各词之间有连字符号 名词用单数
There is a fifteen-meter-tall tree near the building.
考点15：【解析】too much/too many/much too
too much (太多) 后接不可数名词 too much homework
too many (太多 ) 后接可数名词复数 too many people
much too (太) 修饰形容词或副词 much too cold
【注意】：too much 作为副词词组，修饰动词，放在动词之后
e.g.： You have given me too much .
练习：
—The meat is ______ delicious. —Yes, but don't eat ______.
A. too much; too much B. much too; too much
C. too much; much too D. much too; much too
Unit 4 词汇短语闯关（根据给出的首字母填单词）
1. The film is h and moving. I expect to watch it again.
2. It is very h to discuss your problem with your parents.
3. It looks that the b colour is very comfortable.
4. China is an A country. She lies in the east of Asia.
5. The g should be watchful during the night.
6. In his s , he mentioned the Chinese Character Spelling Contest several times.
7. Don’t speak loudly in p . It’s impolite.
8. This does r some time and patience.
9. Do you d to walk home alone after you watch a scary movie?
10. Most A people are black people.
11. My parents take p in everything good that I do.
12. My grandfather’s sunny character has a great i on me in my life.
13. Today he didn’t come to school again. He has been a from school for a week.
14. Linda’s father is p of her talent in music.
15. Jack looked through the i to the book before he decided to buy it.
16. As a student, she s causes any problems at school.
17. There are some dead i on the ground. And groups of ants are carrying them
18. The little girl doesn’t dare to sing in public because of her s .
19. I hope to be successful in my study. But I f my exams and my heart was broken.
20. The British teacher is very h . He usually tells us interesting jokes.
21. When I was i by the reporter, I told her everything I saw.
22. The hotel has 120 bedrooms, all with p bathrooms.
23. He was born in Germany but his parents are both B .
24. Great Britain had voted to leave the E Union.
25. They gave a g discription of the man.
完形填空：
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was 1 and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 2 but a failure.”
After five years of 3 jobs, I fell in love with a very nice middle-class girl. It was the best 4 that could have happened to me. I 5 to do something positive(积极地) with my life because I wanted to prove to 6 that what people said about me was 7 . Especially her mother, who had said to me, “Let’s face it, you’ve failed at everything you’ve ever done.” So I tried hard with my 8 and went to college. My first novel 9 while I was at college.
After college I taught during the 10 in high schools and attended evening classes at London University, where I got a degree in history. I became a lecturer at a college and was thinking of 11 that job to write full time 12 I was offered a part-time job at Leeds University. I began to feel proud of myself. — 13 was a working-class boy who’d 14 school early, now teaching at the university.
My writing career took off when I discovered my own 15 . Now I’m rich and famous, have been on TV, and met lots of film stars. But what does it mean? I just wish all the people that have put me down had said, “I believe in you. You’ll succeed.”
1. A. bright B. useless C. simple D. hopeful
2. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
3. A. low B. poor C. good D. useful
4. A. support B. happiness C. surprise D. thing
5. A. agreed B. decided C. planned D. told
6. A. me B. them C. her D. it
7. A. wrong B. right C. stupid D. faulty
8. A. experiment B. practice C. writing D. composition
9. A. came on B. came in C. came out D. came back
10. A. day B. night C. month D. year
11. A. giving in B. giving back C. giving out D. giving up
12. A. while B. if C. when D. Or
13. A. there B. here C. it D. that
14. A. left B. attended C. changed D. graduated
15. A.style B. body C. room D. space
