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视频 | 中华第一庙：天水伏羲庙
天水伏羲庙太极殿内悬有伏羲十四大功绩图，该国画由著名书画家王友楠先生所绘的系列伏羲图之一，该组国画主要反映伏羲十四大功绩。另外，太极殿内东西墙面分别有《伏羲创世图》、《伏羲画卦图》等，组画形象生动、艺术的表现了伏羲时代的生活场景和对人类发展的伟大贡献。
An Artwork Exhibition of Fuxi"s merits and virtues
Fourteen great paintings by the famous artist WangYounan are exhibited at the TaiJi Palace of the Fuxi Temple. The owner of these artworks is the vice-president of Gangu Politic Association, Wang Jinshen. The theme of this exhibition is to pay a tribute to Fuxi"s historical achievement and the exhibition gives a vivid description of reappearance of the scene of Fuxi"s life and Fuxi"s brilliant contribution to the development of humanity.
第一幅图：始画八卦 肇启文明
《易·系辞下传》说："古者庖羲氏之王天下也，仰则观象于天，俯则观法于地，观鸟兽之文与地之宜，近取诸身，远取诸物；于是始作八卦，以通神明之德，以类万物之情。"是说伏羲氏通过观察宇宙间万物的自然现象创造了八卦，揭示了自然界中万事万物运动变化规律。这是中华文明发展史上的伟大创举。
The first picture: Creating the Eight Diagrams Starting the Civilization
According to the book of 《Yi Xici Xiazhuan》, it is said that Fuxi，once the leader of a Chinese clan society, looked up at the phenomenon in the sky, looked down at the laws of the motion on the earth, as well as the things around the mankind, and then drew the Eight Diagrams, which explain all the miraculous things of the universe. From these records, we can see that Fuxi created the Eight Diagrams by observing the natural phenomenon of everything in the universe, revealing the law of everything in the natural world. This is a great pioneering work in the development of Chinese civilization.
第二幅图：造书契 以代结绳之政
《三皇本纪》云：伏羲氏"造书契以代结绳之政"，并创造了用刻划符号记事的方法。在考古学文化里，相当于伏羲时代的大地湾文化晚期以及马家窑文化时期陶器肩胛骨上就有记事的刻划符号。
The second picture: Creating the Earliest Chinese Characters, Instead of Keeping Records by Tying Knots
According to the book of 《Sanhuang Benji》, it is said that Fuxi created the earliest Chinese characters, and the way to keep a record of events by drawing signs. In the archaeological culture, which is equal to Da Di Wan culture of Fuxi times, as well as the culture of the late period of Ma Jia Yao culture, these signs were used to record events on the pottery bladebones.
第三幅图：结网罟 以教佃渔
《抱朴子》说："太昊师蜘蛛而结网"。《 易·系辞下传》述："庖羲之王天下也，作结绳而为网罟，以佃以渔。"伏羲氏受蜘蛛结网的启示，发明了网罟，人们开始用网来捕鱼、射猎，使生产有了较大的改进和发展。
The third picture: Weaving Net, Taught People to Hunt, to Fish
According to the book of 《Pao Pu Zi》and 《Yi Xici Xiazhuan》, it is said
that Fuxi invented the net by inspiration of the spider web. People began to
use net to fish, hunt, so that the production was improved and developed.
第四幅图：养育牺牲 以充庖厨
网捕生产的发展，俘获食物供人们食用后剩余较多。《路史后记》云：伏羲氏"养育牺牲，伏牛乘马。"本意"伏化牺牲。"故《三皇本纪》云："养牺牲以充庖厨，故曰庖羲氏。"伏羲教人养育牺牲，伏牛乘马，人们逐渐抛开自然采集生活方式，开始走向原始畜牧业经济。
The fourth picture: Keeping Flocks and Getting More Food
According to the book of 《Lushi Houji》and 《Sanhuang Benji》, it is said
that with the development of net fishing and hunting, there was more food left after eating. Fuxi taught people to raise animals, people put aside the life of hunter gathering, and began to move towards the original stockbreeding economy.
第五幅图：造屋庐 改善居室
氏族社会时，人们挖掘半地穴，搭建草蓬，形成半地穴式建筑。《甘肃人物志》述："伏羲氏命大庭氏主居庐为民居住。"近年，秦安大地湾遗址发掘出241座平地式的房屋遗址，说明伏羲氏族时代，人类居住条件有了很大的改善。
The fifth picture: Building Houses,Improving the Living Room
In the clan society, people dug half-crypt houses, put up sheds, creating the half crypt style. Recently, 241 clan houses were unearthed in Da Di Wan historical site, Qinan county. This indicates the human living conditions was greatly improved in Fuxi times.
第六幅图：制嫁娶 以俪皮为礼
《古史考》、《三皇本纪》都说，伏羲氏"制嫁娶，以俪皮为礼。"伏羲氏族创立了男娶女嫁的婚配方式，取代了人类群婚制。这是人类婚姻制度上的一大变革和进步。
The sixth picture: Placing the Marriage Contract,With Deerskin as Marriage Gift
According to the book of 《Gu Shi Kao》and 《Sanhuang Benji》, it is said
that Fuxi placed the marriage contract upon a proper basis, which took the place of human communal marriage. This great transformed and advanced the marriage system.
第七幅图：养蚕化布 改善衣着
史载："伏羲化蚕。"人类早期用树叶、兽皮充衣御寒。"伏羲化蚕化布"，教人们用蚕丝、植物纤维纺线、编网、织布、缝衣着装，不仅使人们抵御寒冷的能力有了提高，而且文明程度进一步发展。
The seventh picture: Keeping Silkworm to Improve Cloth
In the early time, people used leaves and animal skin to defend cold. According to the historical records, Fuxi taught people to use silk, and plant fibre knitting, weaving and sewing cloth, which not only improved people"s ability to defend against the cold, but also progressed civilization.
第八幅图：疏水造田 繁滋草木
史载：伏羲氏命粟陆氏为水农氏，繁滋草木，疏导泉源，毋怠于时；命阴康氏主水土为民田，进行刀耕火种，种谷植蔬，形成了原始农业的雏形。
NO.8 Dredging the Waterway and Assarting the Cropland to Develop the Agriculture
According to the history, Fuxi appointed SuLu to Shuinongshi and his work was to dredge the waterway as soon as possible. And YinKang was assigned to practice slash-and-burn cultivation. These measures formed the rudiment of primordial agriculture.
第九幅图：钻木取火 冶金成器
在燧人氏时期，发明了打击燧石取火。伏羲发明火种保存，并利用火教人们做熟食，和半地穴建筑取暖，结束了这之前人们茹毛饮血的时代。人类有了熟食，对身体健康、从事生产劳动以及文明进步意义十分重大。在此基础上进一步运用火来烧陶冶金，促进了人类生产、生活的不断发展。
NO.9 Drilling the wood for the fire and Smelting Metal for Tools
In the age of SuiRenshi, human beings made fire by hitting stones against each other. Fuxi invented a method to keep the kindling alight, and he also taught his people using fire to cook food, and to warm themselves, which has ended the age in which people ate raw birds and animals. Cooked food had great significance to human being"s health, productivity and the progress in civilization. Fire also could be used for smelting metal and making pottery, which added to the progress in their lives.
第十幅图：制琴瑟 作乐曲
伏羲发明了乐器——瑟，又制作出乐曲。主要用于丰富业余生活和庆祝年景丰收。这在中国远古是了不起的事，不但丰富了精神文化生活，而且在中国音乐史也是一大创举。
NO.10 Inventing Musical Instruments and Composing Music
Fuxi invented the "Se", a music instrument and composed for it. The "Se" was mainly used for daily entertainment and celebrating the good harvest. It was marvelous in the ancient China, for it not only enriched people"s spirit life, but also pioneered works in Chinese musical history.
第十一幅图：尝百草 制九针
原始社会，人类抵御疾病灾难的能力很差，疾病对生命具有很大的威胁，伏羲尝百草，制九针，在成产成活实践中，摸索出一整套治病方法，开启了后世医学的先河。
NO.11 Finding Herbal Medicine and Inventing Acupuncture and Moxibustion
Early people hardly had the power to resist disease and disaster. Disease was a big threat against their lives. So Fuxi tasted many plants and discovered many herbal medicines, he also invented acupuncture and moxibustion. He founded a series of treatments from daily life practice, which initiated the medical science of the late age.
第十二幅图：以龙纪官 分部治理
随着部族繁衍，地域扩大，原先氏族首领管理的方法已不适宜。于是伏羲采取了"分部治理"的方法，九部，就是把实力区域划分为九个区域，相当于后来的九州。同时他还起用了六个贤能者分别主管专门事务，辅佐他进行管理社稷。他在九部设立了职位，用龙的称号来称谓官职，并把他所治理的集团总称为"龙师"，这明确表现出当时社会管理职务分工已呈现出系统化的趋向，在社会治理方面向前跨越了一大步。
NO.12 Dividing His Domain into Nine parts and Appointing Leaders
Because of the increasing of population and the broadening of the domain, it was not suitable for it to be ruled by the chief of the tribe. Fuxi divided his domain into nine parts and appointed their leaders. At the same time he assigned six persons of virtue to manage the special affairs and assist him in governing the country. The managers of the nine parts got the dragon title by the tribal chief, and this manager group was named The Dragon"s Collective. The management of social affairs became more and more systematic day by day.
第十三幅图：创立占筮之法
占筮是中国先民预测吉凶决择作法之术，伏羲画八卦创立了占筮之法用于决疑，在某种程度上指导人们的生活和生产活动。八卦的产生和发展导致了后来占筮之书的出现，八卦理论成为中国神秘文化脉络之一。
NO.13 Establishment of Divination
Divination is a method of forecasting good or ill luck. Along with the invention of the Eight Diagrams, Fuxi established divination, which guided his people"s social activities to some extent and resulted in the emergence of divination books. The theory of the Eight Diagrams became one of the most mysterious cultures in China.
第十四幅图：作历度定节气
古人在生活实践中，逐步认识到自然变化的规律，总结出了一些天文知识。在伏羲时代，农业生产初步开始，农业对于节气把握的要求，比狩猎时期更为重要。在这期间，伏羲作历度，定节气，引导人们按四时八节时序进行生产。创立和制定历法，是人们生存的迫切要求，也是伏羲的卓越贡献。
NO.14 Creation of the Chinese Calendar and the Solar Terms
The ancient people gradually realized the changing law of nature, and they concluded some astronomical knowledge. In the era of Fuxi, agriculture was beginning to develop and astronomical knowledge was in greater need than in the hunting age. During this period of time, Fuxi created the Chinese calendar and the solar terms, which was not only a social necessity, but also Fuxi"s great contribution, for they could guide the people during planting time.
来源：新天水客户端
原标题：《伏羲十四大功绩（双语文字）》
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